When we think to the youth culture of the Twenties, we tend to have this romantic idea that suddenly, Youth was born and young people took awareness of themselves and changed the world with that awareness.
Well, as itβs often the case, actual history is neither that easy, that clean or that simple.
In the 1920s, a change that had been happening since the Victorian Era came to its completion. Upper class and upper-middle class parents changed their attitude towards their children. Because contraception methods had become more accepted and effective, this class could do what their parents had aspired to but couldnβt attain: deciding how many children to have and dedicate more time and resources to the few they chose to have.
This lead to a longer childhood for these children, a longer period in which youths could pursue their own aspirations and express themselves in a freer way before taking up an adultβs responsibilities.
WWI also had an impact on this generation. Men went out to war, and many never returned. Women took up the jobs men had vacated, and they often worked jobs previously barred to women.
When the war ended, nothing went back to what it used to be.
Even when women did go back to their previous occupations, they still had the experience and the notion they could do as good as men. Men that came back had their Victorian ideals shuttered by the crude experience of Europeβs trenches.

This new generation, who had a lot of time on their hands and was better educated, exploded in the post-war years. Though equality wasn’t a thing yet, the difference between sexes wasn’t as sharp as in their parents’ times. And they thought that personal fulfilment was important because you can never know when your life will change forever.
The same contraception methods that had allowed their parents to decide about their parental life, allowed these youths to explore sexuality in a freer way. They started dating, which assumed people didn’t need to be engaged to have a relation. This made looks a lot more important because now everyone could choose their partners. This led to maybe the most shocking part of Twenties youth culture: freer ways of acting and presenting themselves, especially on the part of women (because the change was more apparent on their part, but of course both sides of a relation accepted it).
The idea that one could choose their partner brought about a more companionate attitude because people looked for a companion in the partner, not only a mate.
And besides, these young people also thought personal fulfilment was key to anyone’s life. They went to college, so their future wasn’t linked to that of their parents in terms of opportunities and education. They knew life didn’t last forever and so it was right to pursue your dreams when you could. In a lot of ways, these youths were shrewder than their elders.
But when the time came to end the party and get down to business, meaning getting a real life, their ideas werenβt all that different from their parentsβ. They wanted to choose their partner, they wanted to be attractive for them, they wanted to have a more companionship relation, but ultimately what these youths were after was very similar to their parents: a family, a house, women wanted a good possibly wealthy husband, men wanted a good wife and mother for their children.
And besides, what young people did, despite all the shock they seem to rise, did filter through to other sections of the population. Not all women were flappers, but many women took up flapperβs way of thinking and dressing. The ideal of a more companionate couple life became acceptable for these youthsβ parents too and sometimes reshaped their own relations. The ideal of personal fulfilment clearly came from their parents, who of course accepted it as a good thing.
Itβs easy to stress the way these young people seem to have broken away from the past toward a completely reshaped future, but in fact, they were the result of ideals started long before them and that would come to full fruition long after them.
Nothing in history is cleanly cut.
RESOURCES
Modern Youth (pdf)
Fass, Paula S., The Damned and the Beautiful. American Youth in the 1920s. Oxford University Press, New York, 1977
Kyvig, David E., Daily Life in the United States 1920-1940. How Americans Lived Through the βRoaring Twentiesβ and the Great Depression. Ivan R. Dee Publisher, Chicago, 2002
Perrish, Michael E., Anxious Decades: America in Prosperity and Depression, 1920-1941. W.W. Norton & Co. Inc., New York, 1992

18 Comments
Mee Magnum
Fascinating perspective. Never realized so much was going and and what a dramatic shift in society then.
–Mee (The Chinese Quest)
jazzfeathers
Complex as it always is, history always makes sense π
Sharon Marie Himsl
This makes a lot of sense and it’s interesting that when it came time to settle down they adopted the ideals of their parents. It makes me wonder what historians will say about our current culture in America. So many young couples choose not to marry, preferring to live out of wedlock, even those with children.
jazzfeathers
Looking at things from a distance is always easier. Yes, it would be intereting to know what people one hundred of years from now will think of us. There are probably lots of things happening now we really don’t see.
Sara C. Snider
Sounds like the best of two worlds actually. Forward thinking and pursuing personal happiness while still holding on to valuable ideals of their parents. Good stuff. π
jazzfeathers
And it makes sense, no? People will laways try to better their position.
Tarkabarka
Nothing is clean cut, but it seems like you have a really great grasp on the logic behind it π I appreciate the culture history lesson! Might end up needing it in my exam next fall…
@TarkabarkaHolgy from
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jazzfeathers
If you’re interested in this subject,. I’d suggest reading Fass’s book, that I’ve mentioned in the resources. It was illuminating!
Anabel Marsh
A really interesting perspective. On a personal note, my grannies got married in the 20s and the wedding photo in your post reminded me so much of their outfits – neither being as glamorous as that bride of course! Which leads me to think about them being part of this generation – yet to me, they were always old and staid.
jazzfeathers
My grandparents were theather actors. I have quite a few photos of them. One of my granddad really looks like these people io these photos.
Cool π
Carrie-Anne
So many changes in society and the family happened when youth culture developed, and courtship moved away from the watchful eyes of chaperones. Even if many of these young people ultimately took similar life trajectories to those of their parents, they still weren’t exactly the same, and that set in motion the gradual changes in their children’s generation, which in turn influenced the youth of the Sixties and Seventies.
jazzfeathers
I tend to think the Twenteis was a grand vision that generation had. Just the first step in a long journey.
Lene Fogelberg
The roaring twenties are the new 60-ties! Reading this I think about my grandparents living very traditionally in in North Sweden at the time and how this new culture must have affected them when they moved closer to the city life. Your writing gives me a fascinating perspective of this time in history!
jazzfeathers
It would be the same for my grandparents. Here in Italy, change started happening during the twenty years of Fascism (in some areas of life) and then at full speed after WWII.
In the Twenties, it was still XIX centuries in many parts of Italy.
Celine Jeanjean
You make such a good point, it’s so easy to look back and assume that there was a period of great revolution and change, but as you say the change has in fact inched forward little by little, and we’re still going through that change now!
jazzfeathers
One of the reasons I wanted to do this theme for the challenge is that I see a lot of stereotypes about the Twenties out there. People only thinks to flappers and gangsters and assume a lot of things that weren’t.
And honestly, I don’t think we need to make up things about this era, it is already so interesting as it was π
Tasha
It’s always fascinating to see how things build behind the perception. Thank you for this insight.
Tasha
Tasha’s Thinkings | Wittegen Press | FB3X (AC)
jazzfeathers
Discovering the ‘behind the scene’ matter is such fun! π